Copper
Function
Necessary for the absorption and utilization of iron, supports formation of hemoglobin, bone metabolism, immune system, nerve function and energy metabolism. It is essential for enzyme function, especially blood formation.
Deficiency
Fatigue, paleness, skin sores, edema, slowed growth, hair loss, anorexia, diarrhea, dermatitis abnormalities of the immune system, reduced red blood cell function, reduced activity of white blood cells
Food sources
Oysters, mussels, whelks, liver, brewer’s yeast, whole grains, nuts, cocoa, water
Toxic dose – symptoms
Liver damage, gastrointestinal distress
AIs (Adequate Intakes)
| Infants 0-6 months 7-12 months |
Micrograms per Day 200 220 |
RDAs (Recommended Dietary Allowances)
| Children 1-3 years 4-8 years |
- 340 440 |
| Males 9-13 years 14-18 years 19-30 years 31-50 years 50-70 years > 70 years |
- 700 890 900 900 900 900 |
| Females 9-13 years 14-18 years 19-30 years 31-50 years 50-70 years > 70 years |
- 700 890 900 900 900 900 |
| Pregnancy < 19 years 19-30 years 31-50 years |
- 1000 1000 1000 |
| Lactation < 19 years 19-30 years 31-50 years |
- 1300 1300 1300 |
Source: USDA Dietary Reference Intakes